Notas cariosistemáticas sobre flora española, I

Se ha estudiado el número cromosómico de 21 táxones ibéricos. Creemos nuevos para la ciencia los recuentos siguientes: Gypsophila struthium Loefl. (2n=34); Lepidium subulatum L. (2n=16); Iberis cinerea Poiret (2n=44); Erucastrum nasturtiifolium (Poiret) O. E. Schulz var. subbipinnatifidum (Lag.) Thell. (2n=16); Teucrium gnaphalodes L'Hér. subsp. jaënnense (Lacaita) Rivas-Martínez (2n=26); Teucrium pumilum L. (2n=26); Centaurea alpina L. (2n=30); Centaurea hyssopifolia Vahl (2n=22); Launaea resedifolia (L.) O. Kuntzee (2n=18).Se reivindica el rango específico para Iberis cinerea Poiret y se insiste sobre la identidad de Centaurea linaresii Láz. Ibiza y C. alpina L.The cromosome numbers of 21 Iberian taxa have been studied. The following numbers are, to our knowledge, new to science: Gypsophila struthium Loefl. (2n=34); Lepidium subulatum L. (2n=16); Iberis cinerea Poiret (2n=44); Erucastrum nasturtiifolium (Poiret) O. E. Schluz var. subbipinnatifidum (Lag.) Thell. (2n=16); Teucrium gnaphalodes L'Hér. subsp. jaënnense (Lacaita) Rivas-Martínez (2n=26); Teucrium pumilum L. (2n=26); Centaurea alpina L. (2n=30); Centaurea hyssopifolia Vahl (2n=22); Launaea resedifolia (L.) O. Kuntzee (2n=18).Specific rank is restored for Iberis cinerea Poiret, and the identity of Centaurea linaresii Láz. Ibiza and C. alpina L. is remarked

Laparoscopic image analysis for automatic tracking of surgical tools

Laparoscopy is a surgical technique nowadays embedded in the clinical routine. Recent researches have been focused on analysing video information captured by the endoscope for extracting cues useful for surgeons, such as depth information. In particular, the 3D pose estimation of the surgical tools presents three important added values: (1) to extract objective parameters for the surgical training stage, (2) to develop an image-guided surgery based on the knowledge of the surgery tools localization, (3) to design new roboticsystems for an automatic laparoscope positioning, according to the visual feedback. Tool’s shape and orientation in the image is the key to get its 3D position. This work presents an image analysis for automatic laparoscopic tool’s detection along the recorded video without extra tool markers, using an edges detection strategy. Also, this analysis includes a previous stage of barrel distortion correction for videoendoscopic image

Influence of lanthanum doping on the structure and transport properties of CeO2

LaxCe1-xO2-x/2 materials are oxide and/or proton conductors depending on the La-content and they are of interest for numerous electrochemical applications at high temperatures, including membranes for hydrogen separation and fuel cell electrolytes. Samples with low La-content exhibit (x0.4) crystallize with cubic fluorite type structure; while for x>0.4 the structure is still unclear. The crystal structure of these materials is still unknown, some authors reported that the materials exhibit fluorite type structure in the whole compositional range. However, another authors reported a pyrochlore type structure for x0.5. The stabilization of the fluorite or pyrochlore type structure depends mainly on the oxygen sublattice and the vacancy ordering1. In this contribution, LaxCe1-xO2-δ (0<x0.7) materials are prepared by the freeze-drying precursor method and the sintering conditions have been optimized to obtain dense ceramic samples. A complete structural characterization has been carried out by X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The average structure determined by conventional XRD indicates that the materials are single fluorite compounds for x0.6. However, the local structure determined by combined electron diffraction and HRTEM is more complex. The SAED patterns reveal diffuse scatterings for x0.5 that have been associated with O-vacancy ordering, leading to a superstructure relative to a single fluorite . This finding is further confirmed by the HRTEM images in the same zone axis. Thermogravimetric and Raman analysis confirmed an increase of oxygen vacancy concentration with La-doping. The overall conductivity was determined by complex impedance spectroscopy in different atmospheres. The samples with high La-content exhibit an important proton contribution at low temperature. In addition, all samples are mixed ion-electronic conductors in hydrogen containing atmosphereUniversidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Displasia Epiphysalis Capitis Femoris : (Displasia de Meyer)

Se presentan 13 casos de Displasia Epifisaria de la cabeza femoral analizando los problemas diagnósticos con otras patologías y especialmente con la enfermedad de Perthes. Se discute su posible patogenia de probable origen vascular dada la relación entre ambos procesos.The authors report thirteen cases of displasia epiphysialis capitis femoris analyzing its differential diagnosis 'with other pathologies, especially with Perthes' disease. They argue about its pathogenesis of probably vascular origin, and the relation among these two entities

A new geometrical method for 3D evaluation of non-rigid registration methods for radiotherapy in prostate cancer

Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy aims at delivering a high dose of radiation to the tumour, while sparing the surrounding normal tissue to a maximum extent. Image registration is an essential tool for monitoring radiation therapies, since allows morphological comparisons in presence of anatomic variations. The evaluation of non-rigid registration methods is very complicated owe to the absence of a known pointwise correspondence. The use of analysis of variations in target volume delineations has been proposed in the past for the evaluation of non-rigid registration methods. Delineation of the target volume is usually accomplished by outlining the contour of the volume in each separate tomographic slice. In the studies of reference, the 3D surface is rendered from the contours by means of a Delauney triangulation. This geometrical method only works correctly for convex structures. However the volumes involved on pelvic anatomy, such as bladder or prostate including the seminal vesicles, have relevant concavities that introduce a huge error in the evaluation. A new geometrical method for the evaluation of convex-concave target volumes delineation is proposed

Current psychological therapeutic approaches for gambling disorder with psychiatric comorbidities: a narrative review

Background. Although the presence of a gambling disorder (GD) together with another mental disorder poses special treatment challenges, such as relapses, severe outcomes for patients and families, and increased number of hospitalizations, there are only a few critical reviews in the literature. Objective. To review empirical evidence of psychological approaches to cope specifically with these dual disorders. Method. A narrative review of the relevant bibliography on this topic was carried out. A systematic search of original articles (2010-October 2017) was conducted in MEDLINE and PsycInfo. Key terms were: 1. gambling/gamblers, 2. treatment/intervention/therapy/therapeutics, and 3. dual diagnosis/comorbidity. Results. Current treatment for GD involves a number of different options, including inpatient treatments, intensive outpatient therapy, individual and group cognitive-behavioral options (CBT), self-help groups, and pharmacotherapy. Inpatient care is generally limited to patients with severe acute crises, treatment failures, and severe comorbid disorders, particularly depression and attempted suicide. Treatment for GD with other mental disorder needs more research. CBT, motivational enhancement therapy and self-help groups have some empirical support when GD is comorbid with other addiction, mood disorder, or schizophrenia. Programs that combine pharmacotherapy and psychosocial treatments for GD into a single comprehensive package are most likely to have good treatment outcomes, at least with regard to treatment retention. Discussion and conclusion. Interventions should be tailored to the needs of the patients. Future research should be concerned about the statistical power of the studies, implement motivational strategies for patients with poor medication adherence, and design measures to study treatment fidelity in the CBT groups

Impedancias dinámicas en zapatas rígidas y flexibles sobre medios viscoelásticos

Se presentan aplicaciones recientes del Método de los Elementos de Contorno al cálculo de impedancias de cimentaciones en terrenos viscoelásticos, haciendo especial hincapié en el tratamiento de medios estratificados para problemas con simetría de revolución y en la forma de tratar zapatas flexibles

Changing the paradigm: endoscopic video analysis and information extraction for safer surgeries

Background: Minimally invasive surgery creates two technological opportunities: (1) the development of better training and objective evaluation environments, and (2) the creation of image guided surgical systems

Segmentación automática de aneurismas aórticos abdominales a partir de imágenes de resonancia magnética basada en modelos activos de forma y modelos de textura

Se presenta un algoritmo semiautomático de segmentación de aneurismas aórticos abdominales (AAA) basado en modelos activos de forma (ASM) y modelos de textura. La información de textura viene dada por un conjunto de cuatro imágenes 3D de resonancia magnética (RM) compuestas por cortes axiales de la zona abdominal. En estas imágenes son visibles la luz aórtica, la pared aórtica y el trombo intraluminal (ILT). Dado el tamaño limitado del conjunto de imágenes de RM, se han implementado un ASM que capture las características específicas del conjunto de entrenamiento compuesto por 35 imágenes de tomografía axial computarizada (CTA), de modo que la variación de forma pueda ser adecuadamente caracterizada. La textura se caracteriza a partir de las imágenes de RM. Para la evaluación del algoritmo se ha llevado a cabo una validación cruzada dejando uno fuera sobre el conjunto de imágenes de RM

Utilidad del vídeo quirúrgico en las cirugías de mínima invasión

El vídeo quirúrgico es la principal fuente de información intraoperatoria para el seguimiento de la intervención quirúrgica. Actualmente, su uso como medio de análisis no se halla implantado. Este trabajo presenta su utilidad con casos de uso reales que explotan la información presente en los vídeos a través del procesamiento de los vídeos. Los algoritmos desarrollados permiten la segmentación y seguimiento de los elementos de la escena, la reconstrucción y la localización espacial de los trócares. Se presenta a modo de ejemplos un entorno de formación y un sistema de navegación quirúrgica que explotan la información presente en los vídeos captados por el endoscopio